Principles for Strengthening the Integrity of Clinical Research

‘‘All true universities, whether public or private, are public trusts designed to advance knowledge by safeguarding the free inquiry of impartial teachers and scholars. Their independence is essential because the university provides knowledge not only to its students, but also to the public agency in need of expert guidance and the general society in need of greater knowledge;... these latter clients have a stake in disinterested professional opinion, stated without fear or favor, which the institution is morally required to respect.’’ — American Association of University Professors [1]